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423982c9f967cb3d6c9fe3e943a31fe675d695b5
simple-keras/yolov3.py
T
Heiko J Schick 423982c9f9 Coding style changes
2020-10-21 10:32:55 +02:00

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"""
YOLO v3 object detection with Keras
Source: https://towardsdatascience.com/yolo-v3-object-detection-with-keras-461d2cfccef6
"""
import struct
import glob
import numpy as np
from numpy import expand_dims
from keras.layers import Input, Conv2D, BatchNormalization, LeakyReLU, ZeroPadding2D, UpSampling2D
from keras.models import Model
from keras.layers.merge import add, concatenate
from keras.preprocessing.image import load_img
from keras.preprocessing.image import img_to_array
from matplotlib import pyplot
from matplotlib.patches import Rectangle
# Step 1:
# Define WeightReader class
class WeightReader:
"""
WeightReader class is used to parse the "yolov3.weights" file and load the model weights into
memory in a format that we can set into keras model.
"""
def __init__(self, weight_file):
with open(weight_file, 'rb') as w_f:
major, = struct.unpack('i', w_f.read(4))
minor, = struct.unpack('i', w_f.read(4))
w_f.read(4) # ignore revision
if (major * 10 + minor) >= 2 and major < 1000 and minor < 1000:
w_f.read(8)
else:
w_f.read(4)
binary = w_f.read()
self.offset = 0
self.all_weights = np.frombuffer(binary, dtype='float32')
def read_bytes(self, size):
"""
Helper function to read bytes from all_weights.
"""
self.offset = self.offset + size
return self.all_weights[self.offset - size:self.offset]
def load_weights(self, model):
"""
Load weights into created model
"""
for i in range(106):
try:
conv_layer = model.get_layer('conv_' + str(i))
print("loading weights of convolution #" + str(i))
if i not in [81, 93, 105]:
norm_layer = model.get_layer('bnorm_' + str(i))
size = np.prod(norm_layer.get_weights()[0].shape)
beta = self.read_bytes(size) # bias
gamma = self.read_bytes(size) # scale
mean = self.read_bytes(size) # mean
var = self.read_bytes(size) # variance
norm_layer.set_weights([gamma, beta, mean, var])
if len(conv_layer.get_weights()) > 1:
bias = self.read_bytes(np.prod(conv_layer.get_weights()[1].shape))
kernel = self.read_bytes(np.prod(conv_layer.get_weights()[0].shape))
kernel = kernel.reshape(list(reversed(conv_layer.get_weights()[0].shape)))
kernel = kernel.transpose([2,3,1,0])
conv_layer.set_weights([kernel, bias])
else:
kernel = self.read_bytes(np.prod(conv_layer.get_weights()[0].shape))
kernel = kernel.reshape(list(reversed(conv_layer.get_weights()[0].shape)))
kernel = kernel.transpose([2,3,1,0])
conv_layer.set_weights([kernel])
except ValueError:
print("no convolution #" + str(i))
def reset(self):
"""
Resets offset to restart loading weights
"""
self.offset = 0
# Step 2:
# _conv_block(input, convs, skip=True) is a function to create convolutional layer
def _conv_block(input_layer, convs, skip=True):
tmp = input_layer
count = 0
for conv in convs:
if count == (len(convs) - 2) and skip:
skip_connection = tmp
count += 1
# Peculiar padding as darknet prefer left and top
if conv['stride'] > 1: tmp = ZeroPadding2D(((1,0),(1,0)))(tmp)
tmp = Conv2D(conv['filter'],
conv['kernel'],
strides=conv['stride'],
# Peculiar padding as darknet prefer left and top
padding='valid' if conv['stride'] > 1 else 'same',
name='conv_' + str(conv['layer_idx']),
use_bias=False if conv['bnorm'] else True)(tmp)
if conv['bnorm']: tmp = BatchNormalization(epsilon=0.001, name='bnorm_'
+ str(conv['layer_idx']))(tmp)
if conv['leaky']: tmp = LeakyReLU(alpha=0.1, name='leaky_'
+ str(conv['layer_idx']))(tmp)
return add([skip_connection, tmp]) if skip else tmp
# make_yolov3_model() is a function to create layers of convoluational and stack together as a
# whole yolo model
def make_yolov3_model():
input_image = Input(shape=(None, None, 3))
# Layer 0 => 4
x = _conv_block(input_image,
[{'filter': 32, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 0},
{'filter': 64, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 2, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 1},
{'filter': 32, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 2},
{'filter': 64, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 3}])
# Layer 5 => 8
x = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 128, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 2, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 5},
{'filter': 64, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 6},
{'filter': 128, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 7}])
# Layer 9 => 11
x = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 64, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 9},
{'filter': 128, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 10}])
# Layer 12 => 15
x = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 256, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 2, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 12},
{'filter': 128, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 13},
{'filter': 256, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 14}])
# Layer 16 => 36
for i in range(7):
x = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 128, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 16+i*3},
{'filter': 256, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 17+i*3}])
skip_36 = x
# Layer 37 => 40
x = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 512, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 2, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 37},
{'filter': 256, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 38},
{'filter': 512, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 39}])
# Layer 41 => 61
for i in range(7):
x = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 256, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 41+i*3},
{'filter': 512, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 42+i*3}])
skip_61 = x
# Layer 62 => 65
x = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 1024, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 2, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 62},
{'filter': 512, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 63},
{'filter': 1024, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 64}])
# Layer 66 => 74
for i in range(3):
x = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 512, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 66+i*3},
{'filter': 1024, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 67+i*3}])
# Layer 75 => 79
x = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 512, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 75},
{'filter': 1024, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 76},
{'filter': 512, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 77},
{'filter': 1024, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 78},
{'filter': 512, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 79}],
skip=False)
# Layer 80 => 82
yolo_82 = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 1024, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 80},
{'filter': 255, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': False, 'leaky': False, 'layer_idx': 81}],
skip=False)
# Layer 83 => 86
x = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 256, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 84}],
skip=False)
x = UpSampling2D(2)(x)
x = concatenate([x, skip_61])
# Layer 87 => 91
x = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 256, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 87},
{'filter': 512, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 88},
{'filter': 256, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 89},
{'filter': 512, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 90},
{'filter': 256, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 91}],
skip=False)
# Layer 92 => 94
yolo_94 = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 512, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 92},
{'filter': 255, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': False, 'leaky': False, 'layer_idx': 93}],
skip=False)
# Layer 95 => 98
x = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 128, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 96}],
skip=False)
x = UpSampling2D(2)(x)
x = concatenate([x, skip_36])
# Layer 99 => 106
yolo_106 = _conv_block(x,
[{'filter': 128, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 99},
{'filter': 256, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 100},
{'filter': 128, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 101},
{'filter': 256, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 102},
{'filter': 128, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 103},
{'filter': 256, 'kernel': 3, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': True, 'leaky': True, 'layer_idx': 104},
{'filter': 255, 'kernel': 1, 'stride': 1, 'bnorm': False, 'leaky': False, 'layer_idx': 105}],
skip=False)
model = Model(input_image, [yolo_82, yolo_94, yolo_106])
return model
"""**step 4:** Prediction
by loading the image to model and make prediction
"""
def load_image_pixels(filename, shape):
# load image to get its shape
image = load_img(filename)
width, height = image.size
# load image with required size
image = load_img(filename, target_size=shape)
image = img_to_array(image)
# grayscale image normalization
image = image.astype('float32')
image /= 255.0
# add a dimension so that we have one sample
image = expand_dims(image, 0)
return image, width, height
"""**Step 4:** Decode the prediction output to rectangle coordinates
- `BoundBox` class is used to return object bounding box coordinates, object name and threshold score
- `decode_netout` function is used to decode the prediction output to rectangle coordinates
"""
class BoundBox:
def __init__(self, xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax, objness = None, classes = None):
self.xmin = xmin
self.ymin = ymin
self.xmax = xmax
self.ymax = ymax
self.objness = objness
self.classes = classes
self.label = -1
self.score = -1
def get_label(self):
if self.label == -1:
self.label = np.argmax(self.classes)
return self.label
def get_score(self):
if self.score == -1:
self.score = self.classes[self.get_label()]
return self.get_score
def _sigmoid(x):
return 1. /(1. + np.exp(-x))
def decode_netout(netout, anchors, obj_thresh, net_h, net_w):
grid_h, grid_w = netout.shape[:2]
nb_box = 3
netout = netout.reshape((grid_h, grid_w, nb_box, -1))
nb_class = netout.shape[-1] - 5
boxes = []
netout[..., :2] = _sigmoid(netout[..., :2])
netout[..., 4:] = _sigmoid(netout[..., 4:])
netout[..., 5:] = netout[..., 4][..., np.newaxis] * netout[..., 5:]
netout[..., 5:] *= netout[..., 5:] > obj_thresh
for i in range(grid_h*grid_w):
row = i / grid_w
col = i % grid_w
for b in range(nb_box):
# 4th element is objectness score
objectness = netout[int(row)][int(col)][b][4]
if objectness.all() <= obj_thresh: continue
# first 4 elements are x, y, w, and h
x, y, w, h = netout[int(row)][int(col)][b][:4]
x = (col + x) / grid_w # center position, unit: image width
y = (row + y) / grid_h # center position, unit: image height
w = anchors[2 * b + 0] * np.exp(w) / net_w # unit: image width
h = anchors[2 * b + 1] * np.exp(h) / net_h # unit: image height
# last elements are class probabilities
classes = netout[int(row)][col][b][5:]
box = BoundBox(x-w/2, y-h/2, x+w/2, y+h/2, objectness, classes)
boxes.append(box)
return boxes
"""**Step 5:** strech the box to be fit to the image normal shape"""
def correct_yolo_boxes(boxes, image_h, image_w, net_h, net_w):
new_w, new_h = net_w, net_h
for i in range(len(boxes)):
x_offset, x_scale = (net_w - new_w)/2./net_w, float(new_w)/net_w
y_offset, y_scale = (net_h - new_h)/2./net_h, float(new_h)/net_h
boxes[i].xmin = int((boxes[i].xmin - x_offset) / x_scale * image_w)
boxes[i].xmax = int((boxes[i].xmax - x_offset) / x_scale * image_w)
boxes[i].ymin = int((boxes[i].ymin - y_offset) / y_scale * image_h)
boxes[i].ymax = int((boxes[i].ymax - y_offset) / y_scale * image_h)
"""**Step 6:** implementing IOU"""
def _interval_overlap(interval_a, interval_b):
x1, x2 = interval_a
x3, x4 = interval_b
if x3 < x1:
if x4 < x1:
return 0
else:
return min(x2,x4) - x1
else:
if x2 < x3:
return 0
else:
return min(x2,x4) - x3
def bbox_iou(box1, box2):
intersect_w = _interval_overlap([box1.xmin, box1.xmax], [box2.xmin, box2.xmax])
intersect_h = _interval_overlap([box1.ymin, box1.ymax], [box2.ymin, box2.ymax])
intersect = intersect_w * intersect_h
w1, h1 = box1.xmax-box1.xmin, box1.ymax-box1.ymin
w2, h2 = box2.xmax-box2.xmin, box2.ymax-box2.ymin
union = w1*h1 + w2*h2 - intersect
return float(intersect) / union
def do_nms(boxes, nms_thresh):
if len(boxes) > 0:
nb_class = len(boxes[0].classes)
else:
return
for c in range(nb_class):
sorted_indices = np.argsort([-box.classes[c] for box in boxes])
for i in range(len(sorted_indices)):
index_i = sorted_indices[i]
if boxes[index_i].classes[c] == 0: continue
for j in range(i+1, len(sorted_indices)):
index_j = sorted_indices[j]
if bbox_iou(boxes[index_i], boxes[index_j]) >= nms_thresh:
boxes[index_j].classes[c] = 0
# get all of the results above a threshold
def get_boxes(boxes, labels, thresh):
v_boxes, v_labels, v_scores = list(), list(), list()
# enumerate all boxes
for box in boxes:
# enumerate all possible labels
for i in range(len(labels)):
# check if the threshold for this label is high enough
if box.classes[i] > thresh:
v_boxes.append(box)
v_labels.append(labels[i])
v_scores.append(box.classes[i]*100)
# don't break, many labels may trigger for one box
return v_boxes, v_labels, v_scores
# draw all results
def draw_boxes(filename, v_boxes, v_labels, v_scores):
# load the image
data = pyplot.imread(filename)
# plot the image
pyplot.imshow(data)
# get the context for drawing boxes
ax = pyplot.gca()
# plot each box
for i in range(len(v_boxes)):
box = v_boxes[i]
# get coordinates
y1, x1, y2, x2 = box.ymin, box.xmin, box.ymax, box.xmax
# calculate width and height of the box
width, height = x2 - x1, y2 - y1
# create the shape
rect = Rectangle((x1, y1), width, height, fill=False, color='red', linewidth = '2')
# draw the box
ax.add_patch(rect)
# draw text and score in top left corner
label = "%s (%.3f)" % (v_labels[i], v_scores[i])
pyplot.text(x1, y1, label, color='red')
# show the plot
pyplot.show()
"""**step 7:** declare several configuration"""
# define the anchors
anchors = [[116,90, 156,198, 373,326], [30,61, 62,45, 59,119], [10,13, 16,30, 33,23]]
# define the probability threshold for detected objects
class_threshold = 0.6
# define the labels
labels = ["person", "bicycle", "car", "motorbike", "aeroplane", "bus", "train", "truck",
"boat", "traffic light", "fire hydrant", "stop sign", "parking meter", "bench",
"bird", "cat", "dog", "horse", "sheep", "cow", "elephant", "bear", "zebra", "giraffe",
"backpack", "umbrella", "handbag", "tie", "suitcase", "frisbee", "skis", "snowboard",
"sports ball", "kite", "baseball bat", "baseball glove", "skateboard", "surfboard",
"tennis racket", "bottle", "wine glass", "cup", "fork", "knife", "spoon", "bowl", "banana",
"apple", "sandwich", "orange", "broccoli", "carrot", "hot dog", "pizza", "donut", "cake",
"chair", "sofa", "pottedplant", "bed", "diningtable", "toilet", "tvmonitor", "laptop", "mouse",
"remote", "keyboard", "cell phone", "microwave", "oven", "toaster", "sink", "refrigerator",
"book", "clock", "vase", "scissors", "teddy bear", "hair drier", "toothbrush"]
def main():
"""
Defined starting point of source code.
"""
# Step 3:
# (1) Define the model
# (2) Load the weight
# (3) Save the model
# Define the YOLO v3 model
yolov3 = make_yolov3_model()
print(yolov3.summary())
# Load the weights
# Source: https://pjreddie.com/media/files/yolov3.weights
weight_reader = WeightReader('yolov3.weights')
# Set the weights
weight_reader.load_weights(yolov3)
# Save the model to file
yolov3.save('yolov3.h5')
# Step 8:
# Make Prediction
for photo_filename in glob.glob("images/test/dog/*"):
# for fn in upload.keys():
# photo_filename = '/content/' + fn
# photo_filename = 'test.jpg'
# define the expected input shape for the model
input_w, input_h = 416, 416
image, image_w, image_h = load_image_pixels(photo_filename, (input_w, input_h))
# make prediction
yhat = yolov3.predict(image)
# summarize the shape of the list of arrays
print([a.shape for a in yhat])
boxes = list()
for i in range(len(yhat)):
# decode the output of the network
boxes += decode_netout(yhat[i][0], anchors[i], class_threshold, input_h, input_w)
# correct the sizes of the bounding boxes for the shape of the image
correct_yolo_boxes(boxes, image_h, image_w, input_h, input_w)
# suppress non-maximal boxes
do_nms(boxes, 0.5)
# get the details of the detected objects
v_boxes, v_labels, v_scores = get_boxes(boxes, labels, class_threshold)
# summarize what we found
for i in range(len(v_boxes)):
print(v_labels[i], v_scores[i])
# draw what we found
draw_boxes(photo_filename, v_boxes, v_labels, v_scores)
print([a.shape for a in yhat])
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
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